Making an Argument about War

Making an Argument about War War history specialists, political investigators and scientists have exhibited proof that war is as old as humankind. In ancient period, civic establishments used to participate in outfitted clash energized by elements, for example, populace pressure, union of geological zones and struggle over assets (McPherson 12).Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Making an Argument about War explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Presently, nations despite everything take part in war for some different reasons that were missing during the ancient time, for example, battling fear based oppression, driving authoritarian political systems out of intensity, and preventing different nations from creating weapons of mass devastation. Discussion has been wide-running about the need of war in the 21st century, with against war advocates contending that war is certifiably not an essential fixing to the movement of man (Landry para. 3), while war supporters neutralize b y contending that war is essential for the progression and dependability of the world. It is against this foundation that this paper plans to diagram contentions exhibiting that war is as yet vital in the 21st century notwithstanding its social, financial and political expenses. It is in reality evident that demonstrations of war pointlessly guarantee numerous honest lives, especially regular folks who are trapped in the crossfire and who have literally nothing to do with the war. The U.S. intrusion of Iraq to unstick Saddam Hussein takes the stand concerning this reality as a huge number of blameless Iraqis lost their lives while a lot more were injured. The financial expense of the Second Gulf War is difficult to measure for both the trespassers and the aggressed country. Yet, from the utilitarian point of view, the Iraq war is defended since it accomplished a more prominent great to countless Iraqis, not referencing that the world by and large and the Middle East specifically tur ned out to be progressively steady after Saddam was ousted and another political request established (McPherson 15). Today, a lot more Iraqis appreciate an entirely different scope of opportunities and rights that they couldn't set out to solicit under the domineering initiative from Saddam Hussein. Therefore, this war was defended by the goodness of the way that most Iraqis would now be able to make the most of their law based rights and human rights, and individuals are no longer pressured to live in dread. Some political pioneers, particularly in Africa, have been known to decline to hand over force considerably subsequent to filling in as presidents for a considerable length of time. As of late, the world scholarly with stun how Tunisians have been exposed to a similar president, Ben Ali, for more than two-and-half decades.Advertising Looking for paper on sociologies? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Presently, NATO powe rs are occupied with expelling one more political rabble rouser for the sake of Muammar Gaddafi of Libya, who has been in power for more than four decades however has straight would not surrender power. Utilizing the jus promotion bellum (admirable motivation) point of view (Suzuki 3), it very well may be contended that NATO powers are advocated to take an interest in such a war, that will profit Libyans, financially, socially, and strategically, when the substantial cover of the their domineering president is lifted. Nonetheless, essential alert should be taken when advancing such a hostile to guarantee, that Gaddafi warriors and his army bases, not regular citizens, become the objective of the NATO bombings. This will make the military battle and some other military crusades embraced to oust static and resolute political systems progressively advocated, passable and legitimate. The U.S. is as of now occupied with undertaking preemptive assaults against fear monger focuses in Afgha nistan, Iraq and in different pieces of the world. Pundits, human rights activists and other anteroom bunches have reprimanded these preemptive assaults, contending that they just add to loss of lives and decimation of framework. It is flippant to help this line of contention while deliberately ignoring on what came to pass for guiltless Americans in the scandalous 9/11 fear based oppressor assaults on U.S. soil. As indicated by the consequentialism see, the U.S., and without a doubt some other nation, is advocated to take up arms against psychological oppressors utilizing preemptive assaults to destabilize the fear systems since such a strategy will event the best generally speaking parity of good over awful (Suzuki 9). Despite the fact that it’s miserable that a couple of guiltless lives are lost during such preemptive assaults, the craving to forestall hundreds or even a huge number of honest lives that these psychological oppressors are holding up with goaded expansivenes s to demolish renders legitimization to the war. In conclusion, a few nations are known to assault their neighbors so as to compellingly extricate valuable common assets from them. It very well may be recollected that Iraq under Saddam Hussein assaulted Kuwait for her gas, while Uganda, situated in Africa, sent her soldiers to the Democratic Republic of Congo to strongly separate gold and precious stones. In such intrusions, the aggressed states are defended to do battle against the aggressors to secure their assets. Getting from the customary view, â€Å"†¦war is passable if and just on the off chance that it is battled as being important to guard the assaulted party from aggression† (Suzuki 5). It is in this way untrustworthy for an aggressed state to kick back and watch her regular folks being slaughtered by an assailant who is just keen on removing or ‘stealing’ assets for advancement. To finish up, this paper has thoroughly drawn in the utilitarian, adm irable motivation, consequentialist, and conventional points of view to legitimize that war is as yet important in current occasions. War starts brutality, which is commonly impermissible in its tendency and degree (Suzuki 4).Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Making an Argument about War explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The reasons given for doing battle, in any case, weigh intensely on the quest for a tranquil and stable world. Pioneers and nations accordingly should be especially mindful so as not to mess with elements, conditions or circumstances that may render legitimization to war. Landry, P. â€Å"On War.† 2011. Recovered from blupete.com/Literature/Essays/BluePete/War.htm McPherson, J.M. This Mighty Scourge: Perspectives on the Civil War. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2007 Suzuki, M. War and Massacre. 2006

Dr. Francis Townsend, Old Age Public Pension Organizer

Dr. Francis Townsend, Old Age Public Pension Organizer Dr. Francis Everitt Townsend, naturally introduced to a poor homestead family, filled in as a doctor and wellbeing supplier. During the Great Depression, when Townsend himself was in retirement age, he got keen on how the government could give mature age benefits. His undertaking roused the 1935 Social Security Act, which he discovered deficient. Life and Profession Francis Townsend was conceived on January 13, 1867, on a ranch in Illinois. At the point when he was a youthful his family moved to Nebraska, where he was taught through two years of secondary school. In 1887, he left school and moved to California with his sibling, wanting to become quite wealthy in the Los Angeles land blast. Rather, he lost nearly everything. Crestfallen, he returnedâ to Nebraska and completed secondary school, at that point started to cultivate in Kansas. Afterward, he began clinical school in Omaha, financing his training while at the same time functioning as a sales rep. After he graduated, Townsend went to work in South Dakota operating at a profit Hills area, at that point some portion of the wilderness. He wedded a widow, Minnie Brogue, who worked asâ a nurture. They had three kids and received a little girl. In 1917, when World War I started, Townsend enrolled as a clinical official in the army. He came back to South Dakota after the war, yet sick wellbeing exasperated by the cruel winter drove him to move to southern California. He got himself, in his clinical work on, contending with more established built up doctors and more youthful present day doctors, and he didn't do well monetarily. The appearance of the Great Depression cleared out his residual reserve funds. He had the option to acquire an arrangement as a wellbeing official in Long Beach, where he watched the impacts of the Depression, particularly on more seasoned Americans. At the point when an adjustment in neighborhood governmental issues prompted the loss of his activity, he wound up broke by and by. Townsend’s Old Age Revolving Pension Plan The Progressive Era had seen a few moves to set up mature age benefits and national medical coverage, yet with the Depression, numerous reformers concentrated on joblessness protection. In his late 60s, Townsend chose to take care of the money related destruction of the old poor. He imagined a program where the government would give a $200 every month annuity to each American beyond 60 a years old, saw this financed through a 2% charge on all business exchanges. The absolute expense would be more prominent than $20 billion per year, yet he considered the to be as an answer for the Depression. On the off chance that the beneficiaries were required to spend their $200 inside thirty days, he contemplated, this would essentially animate the economy, and make a â€Å"velocity effect,† finishing the Depression. The arrangement was condemned by numerous business analysts. Basically, a large portion of the national salary would be coordinated to the eight percent of the populace beyond 60 years old. Be that as it may, it was as yet an alluring arrangement, particularly to the more seasoned individuals who might profit. Townsend started to arrange around his Old Age Revolving Pension Plan (Townsend Plan) in September 1933 and included made a development inside months. Nearby gatherings composed Townsend Clubs to help the thought, and by January 1934, Townsend said 3,000 gatherings had started. He sold flyers, identifications, and different things, and financed a national week by week mailing. In mid-1935, Townsend said that there were 7,000 clubs with 2.25 million individuals, the greater part of them more seasoned individuals. An appeal drive carried 20 million marks to Congress. Floated by the tremendous help, Townsend addressed cheering groups as he voyaged, including to two national shows sorted out around the Townsend Plan. In 1935, energized by the enormous help for the Townsend thought, Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s New Dealâ passed the Social Security Act. Many in Congress, forced to help the Townsend Plan, favored having the option to help the Social Security Act, which just because gave a wellbeing net to Americans too old to even think about working. Townsend looked at this as an insufficient substitute and started furiously assaulting the Roosevelt administration. He got together with so much populists as the Rev. Gerald L. K. Smith and Huey Long’s Share Our Wealth Society, and with the Rev. Charles Coughlin’s National Union for Social Justice and Union Party. Townsend put a lot of vitality in the Union Party and sorting out voters to decide in favor of competitors who bolstered the Townsend Plan. He assessed that the Union Party would get 9 million votes in 1936, and when the real votes were not exactly a million, and Roosevelt was reappointed in an avalanche, Townsend relinquished gathering legislative issues. His political movement prompted struggle inside the positions of his supporters, including the documenting of certain claims. In 1937, Townsend was approached to affirm before the Senate on charges of debasement in the Townsend Plan development. At the point when he wouldn't respond to questions, he was indicted for disdain of Congress. Roosevelt, in spite of Townsend’s resistance to the New Deal and Roosevelt, drove Townsend’s 30-day sentence. Townsend kept on working for his arrangement, making changes to attempt to make it not so much shortsighted but rather more worthy to monetary examiners. His paper and national base camp proceeded. He met with presidents Truman and Eisenhower. He was all the while making addresses supporting change of mature age security programs, with crowds for the most part of the old, in the blink of an eye before he passed on September 1, 1960, in Los Angeles. In later years, during a period ofâ relative success, the development of government, state, and private annuities removed a significant part of the vitality from his development. Sources Richard L. Neuberger and Kelley Loe, An Army of the Aged. 1936.David H. Bennett. Revolutionaries in the Depression: American Radicals and the Union Party, 1932-1936. 1969.Abraham Holtzman. The Townsend Movement: A Political Study. 1963.

Essay Topics - Why it is the Strangest

Essay Topics - Why it is the StrangestThe Stranger by Thomas Pynchon is often a strange book, but when he is writing the stranger essay topics, his subject matter is one of the most unique in the entire world. He uses the stranger as a human expression, and there is so much more than just physical characteristics to consider. While being both strange and individual, it also has its share of innate goodness and virtue that is unknown to many others. This is the reason why this essay topic is a little different from the other essay topics.It is also a little bit different from any other essay topics. Whether we are talking about the literary elements, the primary aspect or the actual content, this subject is full of ambiance. It is definitely unique, and it is very difficult to describe. In fact, its uniqueness even justifies a different title to get rid of its usual subject name. It is the strangest of all.Because the Stranger is a difficult to understand literary object, the essay to pics are the most reliable source of how he writes about this literary subject. It is considered by many experts to be the very best of the bunch. It is like being able to review a text, but in this case, the review is true. As Thomas Pynchon has said, 'It's as if I can see the whole of that world through the eyes of that writer who never really believed.'The essay topics will have all the essential information to help the reader make sense of it. They will also contain some key information about the weirdness of the subject and the universal nature of its weirdness. There are so many things that might happen to those who read about the stranger. And it is this weirdness that makes this text different from any other essay topics.Pynchon is on record as saying that there is a certain number of details that cannot be conveyed through writing, because they can't be properly explained. We cannot simply mention or say that strange things happen to someone, we can only say that the reader should learn to look for them. The Stranger has no such information, and it doesn't make sense to try to describe or think about it.The Stranger essay topics are written in third person plural, which means that he is explaining a situation to a third person. This is important because it shows us how we should think of this literary object, and it is easy to see that the strangeness of the subject should be considered. At the same time, this allows the reader to know that someone is telling the story, or that an event or idea is going on.His fiction is almost always written in the third person, but you could say that he is telling a story to tell us about a specific event or idea. For example, at one point, we learn that the young Henry Dreyfus is picking flowers for his mother, when he is actually thinking about his father, who has just been killed in the crash. This happens quite often, and it is very hard to describe, but if you remember that it is about being an adult, you can p robably grasp this idea.When it comes to essay topics, the stranger is almost always portrayed in first person plural. The essay topics will give you an idea of what might happen, and will also give you the right information to know what you should be thinking of, in order to fully comprehend it. In the same way, you can take the stranger as your guide. You need to know what is the strangeness that can be seen in everyday life, and when it is about your life, you will be able to fully appreciate it.

ZZZZ Best Company How Does a Review Differ from an Audit

ZZZZ Best Company Case Ernst and Whitney never issued an audit opinion on financial statements of ZZZZ Best but did issue a review report on the company’s quarterly statements for the three months ended July 31, 1986. How does a review differ from an audit, particularly in terms of the level of assurance implied by the auditor’s report? While both a review and an audit are attestation services provided by CPAs. A review and an audit differ in that a review does not offer the level of assurance that an audit does, auditors do not look at as much evidence for a review as they would for an audit, and reviews cost less than an audit. SAS No106, â€Å"Audit Evidence†, identifies the principal â€Å"management assertions† that underlie a set of†¦show more content†¦And in the ZZZZ Best case the predecessor Greenspan was not contacted by the successor Ernst and Whitney, although Ernst and Whitney said they tried but wouldn’t disclose what they learned. Did the confidentiality agreement that Minkow required Ernst and Whitney to sign improperly limit the scope of the ZZZZ Best audit? Why or why not? Discuss general circumstances under which confidentiality concerns on the part of a client may properly affect audit planning decisions. At what point do client imposed audit scope limitations affect the type of audit opinion issued? Yes the agreement that Minkow insisted would have affected the scope of the audit, first they did not contact the predecessor auditor, according to Greenspan. The agreement limited the third parties they could contact, making it impossible to obtain outside records and confirm any other type of documents. Making the information given by Minkow totally unreliable. Audit scope limitations imposed by the client affect the opinions that an auditor can give: if the limitations are immaterial then the auditor may give an unqualified report; if the limitations are material, but don’t really affect the financial statements then the opinion given by the auditor may be a qualified opinion with explanations; if the limitations are so material that the financialShow MoreRelatedEssay on ZZZZ Best Company, Inc.: Case Study1340 Words   |  6 Pages------------------------------------------------- ZZZ Best Company, Inc. ------------------------------------------------- Case Study 2 ------------------------------------------------- Due Date: March 30,2010 ZZZ Best, Case 1. Ernst amp; Whinney never issued an audit opinion on financial statements of ZZZZ Best but did issue a review report on the company’s quarterly statements for the three months ended July 31, 1986. How does a review differ from an audit, particularly in terms of the level of assuranceRead MoreAuditing Cases22626 Words   |  91 Pagesor as an illustration of effective or ineffective auditing. Reprinted by permission from Jay C. Thibodeau and Deborah Freier. Copyright  © Jay C. Thibodeau and Deborah Freier; all rights reserved. 1†¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ ( Case 61  ® Enron Enrori’s First Few Years hi~ 1985 Enron had assets along the three major stages of the supply chain of nat ural gas: production, transmission, and distribution. Natural gas was produced from deposits found underground. The natural gas was transmitted via pipe lines, or networks

Capital Punishment Lethal Injection - 824 Words

Capital Punishment The death penalty is the punishment by lethal injection for committing serious criminal offenses. There are 32 states, including California, which has the death penalty and 18 states where the death penalty is illegal. The jury convicts when the death penalty is going to be used. The New York Times board, 19 expertise journalists, wrote an editorial titled â€Å"The Humane Death Penalty Charade†, discussing that people should be against capital punishment because it is torture and unhuman. In the beginning, it was about how every individual that is executed by lethal injection suffer massively. People like Charles Warner and Clayton Lockett were two of the many people who passed their last few minutes slowly suffering. Next, there are many people who are either for or against capital punishment, but the reasons either side give are the most commonly heard. For example, people who are in favor of capital punishment claim that executing a murderer is a method to make sure that they will never kill or hurt anyone else. On the other hand, people who are against capital punishment say that murdering a person is a crime, no matter who does it. As a final point, the opinion of Alex Kozinski, a federal appellate judge in California, towards the death penalty. The editorial board’s rhetoric was not successful because it omitted lots of key points to make the reader change their opinion about capital punishment. The audience for this editorial would be a public thatShow MoreRelatedLethal Injection Is A Violation Of Human Rights1541 Words   |  7 PagesIran† (A World Shift from Execution, 2001). Lethal injections have been administered for countless years in these countries. A lethal injection is the act of injecting sodium thiopental into the blood stream of a person. The medicine used and how it is administered is a major concern with lethal injections since they are used kill a person quickly. â€Å"Several states, including M issouri, Wyoming and Virginia are looking to alternatives to lethal injection, given the increasing difficulty of obtainingRead MoreIs Lethal Injection More Humane Than Hanging Or Firing Squad?815 Words   |  4 PagesChristison in 1846, lethal injection was later implemented for the first time in 1977 by American medical examiner Jay Chapman as a way to supplement previous forms of capital punishment seen as painful. This relatively new form of execution has been the primary form of capital punishment in five countries, including the United States, for about the past thirty years, but has come under much criticism in recent years for its presumed inhumane proceedings. Near fifteen hundred lethal injections have been performedRead MoreThe Execution Of An Inmate Essay867 Words   |  4 Pagesunusual punishments inflicted† (amend. XIII). considering the possibility of an execution going as badly as Lockett’s, we must ask if we are violating this amendment. The execution of an inmate is also likely to bring up issues of faith, Romans 12:18 states â€Å"leave it to the wrath of God, for it is written, Vengeance is mine, I will repay, says the lord† (Rom. 12.18). Morality should determine where we go as a country, including the punishments we invoke. I researched the issue of lethal injectionRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is The Punishment Of Execution1247 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is the death penalty? The death penalty is the punishment of execution, administered to someone legally convicted of a capital crime. In the reading selection â€Å"The DEATH PENALTY in AMERICA† Bedau says that â€Å"The history of the death penalty in America can be useful if roughly divided into six epochs of very uneven duration and importance (3)†.The author is saying that the history of the death penalty can be usefully if it is separate into different time period. The author says â€Å"first, from theRead MoreCapital Punishment Is A Form Of Torture971 Words   |  4 PagesCapital punishment is nothing new; executions have taken place for centuries. Capital punishment is utilized throughout the world. Thirty-six countries currently use the death penalty in law and practice. One hundred and three countries have abolished the death pen alty completely. Whereas, six countries currently retain the death penalty for special circumstances, such as war crimes (CIA World Factbook). Whether capital punishment is an effective measure to curb future violent crimes is still debatedRead MoreThe Importance Of Self Administered Poisoning And Lethal Injection Approach843 Words   |  4 PagesHistorically, capital punishment through execution has been administered in various forms, prompted by the desire to conform to the ever-changing standards of decency. In Ancient Greece, as Plato exhibits the experience that Socrates went through. The condemned prisoners were given a poison (hemlock) to self-administer themselves on the day of execution. Such is different from the current system where the condemned prisoners are executed by lethal injection. This paper seeks to establish whetherRead MorePros And Cons Of Capital Punishment1471 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Capital punishment is one of the most controversial ethical issues that our country faces these days. Capital punishment is the legal penalty of death for a person that has performed heinous acts in the eyes of the judicial system. Discussion on whether capital punishment is humane or considered cruel and unusual punishment has been the main issue this of debate for years. Recent discussion goes far beyond the act itself but now brings into question whether medical personal shouldRead MoreCapital Punishment Of The United States961 Words   |  4 Pages Capital Punishment in the United States For centuries, capital punishment has been used as a consequence of capital crime. Criminals who have committed such crimes are subject to facing the death penalty. Pickens shares, â€Å"Capital crimes are considered to be treason or terrorist attacks against the government, crimes against property when life is threatened, and crimes against a person that may include murder, assault, and robberyRead MoreDeath Penalty Argumentative Essay1424 Words   |  6 Pages or capital punishment, is the execution of an offender that is sentenced to death by a court of law for a criminal offense.   This type of punishment for inmates is involved in controversy over whether or not it is an acceptable form of punishment for criminals and also whether or not it is immoral.   There are many arguments for both sides of the debate, each making valid points and pointing out the flaws of the opposing position. Many religions are either for or against capital punishment, dueRead MoreThe Debate O f Capital Punishment1313 Words   |  6 PagesCapital Punishment Introduction The state of California has carried out 13 executions since the enactment of capital punishment in 1992 (NAACP, 2016, 10). According to the NAACP winter quarterly report, there are currently 743 prisoners on death row (NAACP, 2016, 39). Since the enactment, there has been a wide range of political debate. The largest concern is in regards to the number of wrongful convictions and its philosophical underpinnings. The citizens in California are as diverse as their

Bacterial Concentration and Diversity Free Essays

The objective of this particular paper was to study the results that were extracted when bacterial communities were formed. These bacterial communities were formed through the process of the reproducibility of small volume of repeat sampling from replicate bioreactors with stabilized continuous-flow chicken cecal bacterial communities. The results referring to the bacterial concentration and diversity were then analyzed by phenotypic, biochemical and ribotype analysis. We will write a custom essay sample on Bacterial Concentration and Diversity or any similar topic only for you Order Now To grow bacteria a stable environment is the most essential requirement this stable and a constant environment is known as steady-state conditions. This allows bacterial cultures to be obtained in a reproducible manner for batch consistency. The cultural efficacy was determined by taking an assumption that the aliquot taken from the cultures were identical and therefore did not overall affect the results to be determined by the particular experiment (bacterial culture). Mixed samples of avian cecal material were used to establish replicate bioreactor cultures. Repetitive samplings of the planktonic components were done to determine if all aliquots had the like bacterial contents within the same bioreactor. Consistency was seen during this repetitive sampling process but changes were seen in the specific composition of the resulting communities that initiated from one supply of cecal assortment. These are the basis on which the whole experiment and the methodology are based on. METHODOLOGY: †¢ Bioreactor and Sampling Design: The cecal contents were extracted from 150 birds (chicken) and then thoroughly mixed under sterile anaerobic conditions. Three replicate bioreactors (Bioflo ® 110 Fermentor/Bioreactor, New Brunswick Scientific Co, Inc. , Edison, NJ) were used. The steady-state conditions were maintained by keeping the cultures under continuous-flow conditions at a flow rate of 0. 8 ml/min and also flushed with carbon dioxide that was free of any oxygen. For the first 48 hours the pH of the bioreactor was maintained to a stable 6. 2  ± 0. 3. Then for 3 weeks the cultures were allowed to reach equilibrium the planktonic component was sampled 11 times during this 3 weeks period. After this period 1ml aliquots were collected for analysis. i. e. pH measurement , bacterial isolation etc. †¢ Bacterial Isolation and Preliminary Identification: The material obtained from the bioreactor was sampled and some of the bacterial cultures obtained were quantified by growth of a 10? l aliquot on selective media in triplicate. The triplicate had a 5% sheep blood and was used to determine hemolytic reactions and for the recovery and the enumeration of the aerobic microbial species. The identification and the isolation of the aerobic bacteria was done by streaking the 10  µl aliquots onto TS-blood agar , Brilliant Green Agar, BGA; Becton Dickinson, Sparks, MD), CHROMagar E. coli and Orientation, MacConkey, mEnterococcus, and Rogosa plates. These plates were then incubated for 24 hours at thirty seven degrees. Likewise anaerobic bacteria were isolated too but the streaking was done onto Brucella-blood agar, Phenylethyl alcohol agar (Becton Dickinson, Sparks, MD), Veillonella, and BBE plates. The plates were then incubated anaerobically for 48-72hours at the same temperature. These bacteria were also tested for aero tolerance. †¢ Enumeration: The total aerobic and anaerobic population levels were enumerated by serial dilation onto TS-blood agar, MacConkey, mEnterococcus agars or Brucella-blood agar plates, respectively. †¢ Ribotype Characterization: Isolates from the bacterial lawns were collected and analyzed by using RiboPrinter ® Microbial Characterization System following the manufacturer’s instruction using lytic enzymes. Endonuclease EcoRI was used to cleave the DNA and gel electrophoresis was used to separate the fragments and analysis was done using a modern hybridization blotting technique. The DNA hybridized was labeled rRNA operon prob derived from Escherichia coli, and the bands were detected by chemiluminescence. The image formed was captured and transferred to the RMCS database and data were normalized to a standard marker set. The images were compared with the 6448 EcoRI riboprint patterns in the DuPont database and a 900 EcoRI riboprint pattern custom in-house database (USDA, ARS, College Station, TX). †¢ Data Analysis: For each set of combined cecal material the above mentioned 3 replicate bioreactor were established. These were then analyzed for enumeration and characterization (eleven per bioreactor). The statistics were represented in tabular form. Commercially available software was used to analyze and calculate data. Differences in cfu/ml were compared among the replicate bioreactors. MAIN RESULT: The collecting of bacteria cultures or any other organism is greatly affected by the sample size and the frequency of organisms being sampled in a particular environment. Some of the processes or the methods described above also have limitations due to different constraints that govern their working e. g. enumeration. Enumeration of bacteria is affected by many factors including individual species growth rates, fitness of each competing species etc. therefore the bacteria produced or grown in a selective media maybe less productive when exposed to competition from many other species in a non-selective media culture. The probability of collection is greatly affected by the spatial distribution of organisms. As a rule the sampling requirement must increase as the degree of unit aggregation increases. Enumeration is also affected by aggregation and may account for some of the variation reported in the bacterial quantification. Therefore considerations should be given to the sampling size when using aliquots for inoculation from cultures with known aggregating species. An important thing to mention here that whatever the sampling technique is used there are also certain limitations associated with sampling. It is not only quite difficult to harvest all species comprehensively but our present technological inability also creates a hindrance because we are unable to artificially culture all bacterial species. It was also seen that the efficiency of detection of pathogenic bacteria is affected by dilution i. e. a lower efficiency of detection was achieved where the prevalence of the target bacteria was diluted. A threshold quantity of specific bacteria maybe required for the proper mix. Adjustments in population density, adhesion and diversity which occur during culturing period greatly affects this observation. CONCLUSION: The aim of this study or experiment was to determine reproducibility of small volume repeat sampling with the help of a bioreactor. Basically bacterial concentration and diversity were the two important factors that were being concentrated these two quantities were analyzed within stabalised continuous-flow chicken cecal bacterial communities initiated by replicate aliquots taken from thoroughly mixed samples. Pooled cecal material was created from layer chicks to establish the bioreactors. After a steady-state was reached the plankton components were sampled repetitively for three weeks and was then characterized by phenotypic, biochemical and ribotype analysis. No notable differences were found in the bacterial concentrations that came from the same bioreactor. Differences were found in bioreactors initiated from the same stock material. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Tawni L Crippen, Cynthia L Sheffield, Kathleen Andrews, Roy Bongaerts, and David J Nisbet, (2008), Bacterial Concentration and Diversity within Repetitive Aliquots Collected from Replicate Continuous-Flow Bioreactor Culture, Open Microbiol J. 2008; 2: 60–65, published online 2008 May 23. http://www. pubmedcentral. nih. gov/articlerender. fcgi? artid=2593035tool=pmcentrez How to cite Bacterial Concentration and Diversity, Papers

Support Learning Activities free essay sample

Identify own strengths and weaknesses in relation to supporting learning activities and how these may impact on the support that can be provided. Two Strengths Two Weaknesses Organisation Not knowing all the students and their individual needs. Advance planning Not knowing the best way to help individuals Impact on the support that you can provide Impact on the support that you can provide Everything that is needed is at hand. Makes some situations more difficult to deal with. Help keep to a tight budget and lessons are fully ready to go ahead. Need to ask the teacher ahead of lessons, this is rectifiable with experience. Give an example of how you used your own knowledge of the learners and the curriculum to contribute to the teachers planning. Knowledge of the learner used to contribute to the teachers planning Knowledge of the curriculum used to contribute to the teachers planning Good knowledge of cooking and recipes and knowing how to dilute them where necessary. We will write a custom essay sample on Support Learning Activities or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Familiar with the teachers medium and term plans which helps choosing recipes and creates a smooth transition between lessons 1. 4 How do you obtain the information required to support learning activities? Objectives Resources Own Role Room/Time Other? Looking at schemes of work and lesson plans Going shopping and sourcing materials Directed by Teacher Based in one room Working with constant change 1. 5 Identify and agree with the teacher the opportunities for using information and communication technology to support learning – please give one example when this has happened. I create worksheets, produce power points, create spreadsheets to monitor tracking and resource materials online on a daily basis. 2. 1 Please give an example of how you have selected and prepared resources required for a lesson of your choice in the course of this week. I cut fabric for textiles technology; I researched a recipe for the BTEC students and created the power point to support it. I made a shopping list to buy the ingredients and will then go to the shops to purchase the items in the morning for the lesson. 2. 2 Could you describe what you did when you had to adapt resources to meet the needs of learners; For lower ability groups I may have to peel and chop the vegetables for them rather than leave them to do it. 2. 3 Please list 3 things which (in your opinion) are the most important to ensure the learning environment meet relevant health, safety security and access requirements Keeping fire exits clear and free of clutter. Ensuring there are ramps/wide doorways for wheelchair access Vigilance at the reception to ensure only the correct people are coming and going. 3. 1Could you list your 3 favourite learning support strategies which you use to meet the needs of learners; Getting students to repeat back to me what they are needed to do to ensure they have listened. Physically showing them what is expected i. e. when peeling a potato etc giving a demonstration. Encouraging good behaviour using praise and positive language. 3. 2 Could you give 2 skills/techniques to engage and motivate learners; By using positive language and praise. Giving Merits 3. 3Could you give ways of supporting learners to develop: literacy skills, numeracy skills, ICT skills; Literacy Numeracy ICT Helping with spelling. Using physical clocks and money. Designing Menus Writing for a non writer to copy. Educationcity Cool Maths Games 3. 4 Can you describe 2 sorts of problems that might occur when supporting learning activities and how to deal with these; Problem Solution Student burns/cuts themselves Administer First Aid – possibly walk student down to medical room Classroom can get too hot due to cookers/stoves Open window and doors to create ventilation. 4. 1 Can you list 2 skills/techniques which you use to monitor learners responses to learning activities; Gestures or body language Asking them questions 4. 2 Please give examples of methods you used today to assess how well learners are participating in activities and the progress that they are making; Participation Progress Observation Work being completed on time Look at how much they are completing in given time frames Keeping students motivated and focused on the task 4. 3 How do you record observations and assessments of learner participation and progress? What is the format used at your school? Participation Progress Tracking of all work completed in lessons Marking work – sending cooking home Keep up to date IEPs Communication with the subject teacher 5. 1 Describe the importance of evaluating learning activities; To monitor accurately what the students are achieving and to help them see that targets are achievable. 5. 2 Can you give an example of what ‘a constructive feedback on learning activities in discussion with a teacher’ might include; Good atmosphere in the lesson, students stayed focused and the work set was completed to a good standard. 5.3 Please identify 2 difficulties which you have encountered in supporting the learning activities today; Students not concentrating in lesson Silly behaviour when using hot/sharp tools 5. 4 What did you include in your verbal report which you provided to the teacher whom you support? Which students worked well together and which ones didn’t, at what point the co ncentration started lacking and what the students really seemed to have enjoyed. 6. 1 Please identify ways in which your knowledge, understanding and skills in literacy, numeracy and ICT impact on your practice as a Teaching and Learning Support Practitioner; My knowledge, understanding and skills in; May impact on my practice in the following way; Literacy; Putting together work packs Writing shopping lists Reading up on recipes and new cooking methods Ensuring lessons are fully prepared and keeping up to date with ways that can help the learners Numeracy; Working to a tight budget Weighing out ingredients Creating FNS tests Ensuring there is no overspend and by making sure all learners have the correct amount of ingredients to cook with. ICT; Use of the interactive white boards Creating power points for lessons Creating worksheets and packs for lessons Ensuring the visual instructions for lessons are clear, concise and relevant. Making sure worksheets make the task interesting and more interactive. 6. 2 How can you improve your own knowledge, understanding and skills in literacy, numeracy and ICT? I can improve my literacy skills by†¦ I can improve my maths skills by†¦ I can improve my ICT skills by†¦ To attend relevant courses and learn from methods other people may use. To attend relevant courses and learn from methods other people may use. To attend relevant courses and learn from methods other people may use.

Where Can I Find Sources for My Research Paper or 7 Search Engines Used for Scientific Purposes

Where Can I Find Sources for My Research Paper or 7 Search Engines Used for Scientific Purposes Where Can I Find Sources for My Research Paper or 7 Search Engines Used for Scientific Purposes When it is time for writing research papers, students often do not know what to begin with. The first step is to find some sources for your paper, but these sources must be accurate and reliable. Here are seven search engines that will help you find credible information for your research paper. 1. Google Scholar The main benefit of Google Scholar is that it is extremely easy to use, since it functions just like the standard Google search engine. The key difference is the quality and credibility of the sources Google Scholar provides. The specialized search engine filters out the most reliable scholarly results, so it includes many journal articles and other resources written by academics. If you want a quick, easy, and reliable search engine, try using Google Scholar next time you have to write a research paper. 2. Intute This UK-based search engine employs specialists that evaluate thousands of resources to help determine which are safe and credible for students to use. In addition to filtering out unreliable and unnecessary sites, Intute offers 60 free tutorials from experts like librarians and college professors on how to develop your online research skills. This can be an excellent resource for freshmen in particular, who may have little or no experience with high-level researches. 3. RefSeek Like other scholarly search engines, RefSeek filters out the thrum that crowds the Internet and brings credible sources to the forefront. Designed specifically for students and other researchers, RefSeek allows you to search for only actual documents to help ensure that you have found the most credible information for your research paper. 4. Your School’s Online Library One of the best sources for writing your research paper is the school’s online library. At most colleges and universities, you can visit your school library via your computer or mobile device. Online libraries typically provide students with wonderful resources like credible online databases, eBooks, scholarly journal articles and periodicals. 5. iSeek iSeek is a simple search engine that functions similarly to Google. You type a question into the search engine or keywords related to your research topic. Resources on the search engine include the information from universities and a variety of other sites. All commercial sites and sources are filtered out, and it shows only the most relevant, credible sources. 6. Internet Public Library This search engine does not provide scholarly articles, but directs you to websites instead. However, it will link you to the most credible sites ending with .gov and .org. The Internet Public Library also allows you to search by subject, and online librarians are available to help you find the most relevant sources for your research paper. If you’re interested in websites more than scholarly articles, the Internet Public Library is a good search engine to direct you to the most reliable ones. 7. Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) ERIC is a database that can be a bit more complex than some of the search engines listed above. However, it includes more specific search settings that can help you narrow your searching to the most useful information for your research paper. With ERIC, you can limit your results to articles written only within a specific time period, and you can select articles that are peer reviews or full texts only. The full text option ensures that you will not find yourself intrigued by a scholarly article, only will receive a notification that you must pay $20 to continue reading. If you do not mind a slightly more complicated search, ERIC can help you find some excellent and relevant resources for your research paper. Check out the seven search engines we have shared with you here, and see which one works best for you. Each option listed here will help you find only the most credible, reliable, and accurate resources for your research paper. If you use these sites, you will never find yourself asking, â€Å"Where can I find sources for my research paper?† again.

Gorgo - Queen of Sparta

Gorgo - Queen of Sparta Gorgo was the only daughter of King Cleomenes I of Sparta (520-490). She was also his heir. Sparta had a pair of hereditary kings. One of the two ruling families was the Agiad. This was the family to which Gorgo belonged. Cleomenes may have committed suicide and is considered unstable, but he helped Sparta achieve prominence beyond the Peloponnese. Sparta may have given rights to women that were rare among the Hellenes, but being heir didnt mean Gorgo could be Cleomenes successor. Herodotus, in 5.48, names Gorgo as Cleomenes heir: In this manner Dorieos ended his life: but if he had endured to be a subject of Cleomenes and had remained in Sparta, he would have been king of Lacedemon; for Cleomenes reigned no very long time, and died leaving no son to succeed him but a daughter only, whose name was Gorgo. When King Cleomenes, his successor was his half-brother Leonidas. Gorgo had married him in the late 490s when she was in her late teens.Gorgo was the mother of another Agiad king, Pleistarchus.Importance of Gorgo Being an heir or patrouchas would have made Gorgo noteworthy, but Herodotus shows that she was also a wise young woman. Wisdom of Gorgo Gorgo warned her father against a foreign diplomat, Aristagoras of Miletus, who was trying to persuade Cleomenes to support an Ionian revolt against the Persians. When words failed, he offered a large bribe. Gorgo warned her father to send Aristagoras away lest he corrupts him. Cleomenes accordingly having so said went away to his house: but Aristagoras took the suppliants branch and went to the house of Cleomenes; and having entered in as a suppliant, he bade Cleomenes send away the child and listen to him; for the daughter of Cleomenes was standing by him, whose name was Gorgo, and this as it chanced was his only child, being of the age now of eight or nine years. Cleomenes however bade him say that which he desired to say, and not to stop on account of the child. Then Aristagoras proceeded to promise him money, beginning with ten talents, if he would accomplish for him that for which he was asking; and when Cleomenes refused, Aristagoras went on increasing the sums of money offered, until at last he had promised fifty talents, and at that moment the child cried out: Father, the stranger will do thee hurt,[38] if thou do not leave him and go. Cleomenes, then, pleased by the counsel of the child, departed into another room, and Aristagoras went away from S parta altogether, and had no opportunity of explaining any further about the way up from the sea to the residence of the king.Herodotus 5.51 The most impressive feat ascribed to Gorgo was understanding that there was a secret message and locating it beneath a blank wax tablet. The message warned the Spartans of an imminent threat posed by the Persians. I will return now to that point of my narrative where it remained unfinished. The Lacedemonians had been informed before all others that the king was preparing an expedition against Hellas; and thus it happened that they sent to the Oracle at Delphi, where that reply was given them which I reported shortly before this. And they got this information in a strange manner; for Demaratos the son of Ariston after he had fled for refuge to the Medes was not friendly to the Lacedemonians, as I am of opinion and as likelihood suggests supporting my opinion; but it is open to any man to make conjecture whether he did this thing which follows in a friendly spirit or in malicious triumph over them. When Xerxes had resolved to make a campaign against Hellas, Demaratos, being in Susa and having been informed of this, had a desire to report it to the Lacedemonians. Now in no other way was he able to signify it, for there was danger that he should be discovered, but he contrived thus, that is to say , he took a folding tablet and scraped off the wax which was upon it, and then he wrote the design of the king upon the wood of the tablet, and having done so he melted the wax and poured it over the writing, so that the tablet (being carried without writing upon it) might not cause any trouble to be given by the keepers of the road. Then when it had arrived at Lacedemon, the Lacedemonians were not able to make conjecture of the matter; until at last, as I am informed, Gorgo, the daughter of Cleomenes and wife of Leonidas, suggested a plan of which she had herself thought, bidding them scrape the wax and they would find writing upon the wood; and doing as she said they found the writing and read it, and after that they sent notice to the other Hellenes. These things are said to have come to pass in this manner.Herodotus 7.239ff Source: Carledge, Paul, The Spartans. New York: 2003. Vintage Books. More on Sparta Greek Hoplite SoldierSpartiateCynisca of SpartaLeonidas King of SpartaCleomenes I King of SpartaSparta and SamosSpartas Rise to PowerLycurgus of SpartaKrypteia The Mythological Gorgo There is an earlier Gorgo, one in Greek mythology, mentioned in both the Iliad and Odyssey, Hesiod, Pindar, Euripides, Vergil, and Ovid, and other ancient sources. This Gorgo, alone or with her siblings, in the Underworld or Libya, or elsewhere, is associated with the snake-tressed, powerful, frightening Medusa, who is the only mortal among the Gorgones.

Water in the California desert Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Water in the California desert - Research Paper Example As the climate continues to change the appearance of the planet,those who inhabit it, are faced with the various issues that come with such changes occurring in the first place. In times of considerable rain occurring,the concern becomes the potential flooding that would require specific plans in place,in order to aid those most affected. The same would also be said in instances were there would be a lack of water in the given environment that would also lead to problems that would need to be addressed in order to aid the general populous in the surrounding area, as well as any other regions that may be impacted. One such region to consider, in terms of discerning as to whether or not they would have a noticeable issue with water, would be the southern part of California.Different factors would be in place, in terms of assessing the situation in its entirety and determining whether or not the area of Southern California, would in fact have an issue with water availability. In terms o f describing the region of Southern California, "California's 25,000 square miles of desert can be divided into two basic zones; the Mojave, or high desert, and the Colorado, or low desert. Each of these areas contains unique fauna and flora, as well as other natural resources that make them an important part of California's present and future. California's deserts are home to two National Parks (Death Valley and Joshua Tree), a National Reserve (East Mojave), and California's largest state park, Anza- Borrego," ("California's", p.1). With the above mentioned importance that this region of California would have, it would remain essential to answer any problems that may arise for the area, which in this case, would be the issue of water shortage. Different organizations would be in place, with the essential purpose of gauging the water levels present within their locale. In the case of Southern California, according to testimony provided by the chairman of the board of directors for the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, in his testimony before a Senate committee handling such an issue, the director would outline what he felt were the issues facing the region, in testimony that would go toward the assertion that, in terms of a potential water issue for the region of Southern California, they would in fact be facing such a problem. In terms of describing the group that Timothy F. Brick would represent, "Metropolitan Water District of Southern California is the nation's largest provider of imported water to an urban area. The population in its service area is more than 18 million, and it is projected to rise to 22 million by 2030. Metropolitan is comprised of 26 member public agencies that service an area spanning 5,200 square miles and six southern California counties," (Childs, 2007). As an organization that would represent a wide a rea and would service multiple counties within the region of Southern California, in terms of making the assertion that there would in fact be an issue with the availability of water in the area, they would be an organization that would know what they were talking about. In the period of time just before the Director would give his testimony, the area of Los Angeles alone, would have received an alarmingly low amount of rain, which in turn, would have translated into an issue for the overall water supply. From a political standpoint, the Governor for California would set forth with a plan to handle the continuing issue of water deficiency that areas within the state, such as California would continue to see. As those involved would allude to, there would be methods possible in the process toward remedying the issue and seeking the best possible outcome. In terms of the political legislation suggested from the state level, "The plan is comprised of four policy bills and an $11.14 billion bond. The package establishes a

APA Research Paper on State Standardized Testing for eng 102 class

APA on State Standardized Testing for eng 102 class - Research Paper Example The response to the questions from all the students is given in a consistent way by all the students. The conditions and the procedures for tackling the questions are also consistent among all the students. In addition, the tests provided are often standardized, that is to say they must be according to the education level and knowledge of the students [Moon, Brighton and Hall 2007]. State standardized testing is common in the schools in the US. However, the practice is accompanied by several problems or challenges. One of the challenges or problems caused by the practice is that it results in frustration and resentment among gifted learners in the educational institutions in the US. In most schools in the US, state standardized testing is a common practice. In schools, there are several students with different abilities. Schools comprise of physically challenged children, mentally challenged children, slow learners, medium learners and lastly the special group of gifted learners. Tho ugh there have been a lot of criticisms of the US, the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 has forced the standardized testing in public schools. Standardized tests are often prepared by very talented people who believe that the level of mastery among all students is the same or similar. These people often prepare the test with the aims of testing the knowledge of a student in a certain subject in relation to the knowledge of other students in the same subject. They also test a student’s strength in a certain paper for example mathematics as compared to the student’s strength in a different paper for example science. However, this comparison of the knowledge levels among different students of the same grade level has resulted in frustrations and resentment among the gifted students as earlier mentioned. Gifted students in institutions are students with good memory, high understanding ability and are therefore fast learners. The standardized tests also do not measure to the quality of education that is always expected of the students, [Popham 1999]. In educational institutions where the standardized testing system is practiced, teachers often concentrate so much on the performance of their institutions. Therefore, they tend to concentrate on all students in the classroom. A class consists of students with different abilities. When a teacher concentrates on all the students at ago, this is a great disadvantage to the gifted learners. First, the pace of learning becomes slow as opposed to the expectations of the gifted learners. The slow learning is due to the other physically challenged children, mentally challenged children and the slow learners present in the same class whose pace of understanding is very slow. The learning system also becomes repetitive because the teachers often prefer to re-emphasize on the weak areas of all the learners as shown by their outcomes or results in the standardized tests. The repetitive learning also is a disadvantage to the gifted learners who prefer fresh and new challenging tasks other than the same old content. The slower pace of learning and the repetitive learning is due to the emphasis on the state standardized testing system and this has at a greater level caused frustration and resentment of the gifted learners in the education institutions in the US. "Standardized tests can't measure initiative, creativity, imagination, conceptual thinking, curiosity, effort, irony, judgment, commitment, nuance, good will, ethical reflection, or a host of

Machiavellian Advice from The Prince Essay -- Political Science

Niccolo Machiavelli was a middle-class and humanist-educated Florentine diplomat, philosopher, and writer who lived during the Renaissance in the late 15th and early 16th centuries. Although bestowed with the title of the father of modern political theory, Machiavelli has been, and continues to be widely misunderstood and misinterpreted (Kreis). The term â€Å"Machiavellian,† and it is in the dictionary, is defined as subtle or unscrupulous cunning, deception, expediency, or dishonesty (Dictionary). In acknowledgment of the enduring impact of Machiavelli on society, psychologists have identified a distinct personality style that is characterized by manipulativeness, cynicism about human nature, and shrewdness in interpersonal behavior, and named this syndrome after Machiavelli (â€Å"48†). Machiavellianism is described as a manipulative strategy of social interaction and personality style that uses other people as tools of personal gain (â€Å"48†). In this excerpt from The Prince, Machiavelli’s most recognized and popular discourse on morality and power, the author discusses and compares numerous aspects of the necessary attributes of a successful ruler. While he debates the pros and cons of vice and virtue, Machiavelli presents a compelling case for the adroit application of vice, in the event that princely virtues will threaten the sovereignty of authority. Most of Machiavelli’s work, including the The Prince, was only formally published posthumously, and the assumption would be that his intention in writing The Prince was not to inform the general public, most of who had neither reading skills, the access to books, or held positions of leadership and government. Machiavelli’s true intention in writing The Prince was to gain the att... ...itics. That Machiavelli has become synonymous with treachery is ironic, for this essay unmistakably and definitely confirms that throughout the history of civilization, those leaders who persevered and gained recognition as icons of power, character, and intellect were those who understood the balance of virtue and vice. Works Cited Dictionary.com. Dictionary.com. Web. 12 March 2012. Kirszner, Laurie G., and Mandell, Stephen R. Practical Argument. â€Å"From The Prince.† New York: Bedford-St. Martin’s. 2011. Print Kreis, Steven. â€Å"Niccolo Machiavelli.† The History Guide. The History Guide. Web. 10 Mar. 2012. SparkNotes Editors. â€Å"SparkNote on The Prince.† SparkNotes.com. SparkNotes LLC. 2002. Web. 6 Mar. 2012. â€Å"48 Laws of Power and the Machiavellian Personality.† Psychology and Mental Health Forum. Psychology and Mental Health Forum. Web. Mar. 12 2012.

Advantages & Disadvantages of Mobile Phones 2

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Mobile Phones It is for a fact that having a mobile phone now a days is a sort of a necessity and it is an inevitable truth that mobile industry is taking everyone by a storm. From the very basic thing of making a call to texting, and now internet access for just a touch of your finger tips. Do you have one of these? or do you know somebody who enjoys having such stuff? I do have one of those too and I wont deny the fact that I enjoys using them. So as one of the million subscriber of this technology I will share you some of the advantages and disadvantages I found, out of having a mobile phone. First here are some advantages of having it: †¢ It keeps you in constant contact with people you consider important. †¢ It also can help you seek help immediately during emergency cases. †¢ Furthermore, its a sense of being financially uplifted. †¢ Through mobile phones you can lessen your boredom,example listen to your favorite music and as well as watching movies through downloading. †¢ Besides this, mobile phones can take photos. †¢ Moreover, mobile phones also gives us easier access on the internet. †¢ You can also carry it anywhere. Finally, it has a lot of useful function like calendar, making notes, alarm clock, timer and calculator. No doubt, our mobile phones makes our life more convenient, but as the saying goes every technology has it's equal negative side and mobile phones are not so especial to be exempted. Here are some disadvantages of having it: †¢ First and foremost, mobile phones are expensive! Nowadays ,we can’t find a mobile phone with a cheaper price. †¢ Additionally, people spend less time bonding with there family and friends. †¢ Next,people just contact through phone and became too lazy meeting outside. Mobile phones also disturb us on our works and studies. †¢ Other than that, people spend lots and lots of money buying the latest model. †¢ Furthermore, it effects our body because of radiation it produces. †¢ Apart from that, mobile phones are easily broken. †¢ Last but not least,mobile phone makes it easier to invade privacy. In the end, I hope you can weigh the advantages and the disadvantages I have mentioned to help you use your mobile phone in a responsible manner. We humans created mobile phones and it is all up to our control whether to used more carefully and properly or not.

Environmental Vocabulary for English Learners

For English-language learners, vocabulary related to environmental issues can be challenging. Tables sectioned according to types of environmental issues can help. These tables provide the word or phrase in the left column and an example of how to use the term(s) in the righthand column to provide context. Important Issues From acid rain to pollution and radioactive waste, there are many environmental issues around which discussion and debate have evolved. Students will likely hear many of these terms on the news or read about them on the internet and in newspapers. The general list of issues should prove helpful. Term or Phrase Example Sentence acid rain The acid rain ruined the soil for the next three generations. aerosol Aerosol can be extremely toxic and must be used with care when sprayed in the air. animal welfare We must consider animal welfare as we strive to create a balance between man and nature. carbon monoxide Its important to have a carbon monoxide detector in your home for safety. climate The climate of an area can change over long periods of time. conservation Conservation focuses on making sure we protect the nature we havent already lost. endangered species There are many endangered species all over the planet that need our help. energy Humans are using an ever increasing amount of energy. nuclear energy Nuclear energy has passed out of fashion after a number of serious environmental disasters. solar energy Many hope that solar energy can wean us off our need for fossil fuels. exhaust fumes The exhaust fumes from cars standing in traffic can make you cough. fertilizers Fertilizers used by huge farms can pollute drinking water for miles around. forest fires Forest fires can burn out of control and create hazy weather conditions. global warming Some doubt that global warming is real. greenhouse effect The greenhouse effect is said to heat up the earth. (non)renewable resources As we move forward, we need to become more dependent on renewable energy resources. nuclear The exploration of nuclear science has created great boons, as well as horrific dangers for humanity. nuclear fallout The nuclear fallout from a bomb would be devastating to the local population. nuclear reactor The nuclear reactor was taken offline because of technical problems. Oil slick The oil slick caused by the sinking vessel could be seen for tens of miles. ozone layer Industrial additives have been threatening the ozone layer for many years. pesticide While its true that pesticides help kill off unwanted insects, there are serious problems to be considered. pollution Water and air pollution situations have improved over the last few decades in many countries. protected animal Its a protected animal in this country. You cant hunt it! rainforest The rain forest is lush and green, bursting with life from all sides. unleaded petrol Unleaded petrol is certainly cleaner than leaded petrol. waste The amount of plastic waste in the ocean is shocking. nuclear waste Nuclear waste can remain active for many thousands of years. radioactive waste They stored the radioactive waste at the site in Hanford. wildlife We must take the wildlife into account before we develop the site. Natural Disasters From drought to volcanic eruptions, natural disasters are a big part of the environmental discussion, as this table shows. Term or Phrase Example Sentence drought The drought has gone on for sixteen straight months. No water to be seen! earthquake The earthquake devastated the little village in the Rhine River. flood The flood forced more than 100 families from their homes. tidal wave A tidal wave hit the island. Luckily, no one was lost. typhoon The typhoon hit and dropped more than ten inches of rain in one hour! volcanic eruption Volcanic eruptions are spectacular, but they dont occur very often. Politics and Action Discussion generally leads to the formation of environmental groups and actions, some positive and some negative, as this final listing demonstrates. Environmental groups are followed by a listing of verbs (or actions) related to the environment and environmental issues. Term or Phrase Example Sentence environmental group The environmental group presented their case to the community. green issues Green issues have become one of the most important themes of this election cycle. pressure group The pressure group forced the company to stop building on that site. cut down We need to cut down on pollution drastically. destroy Human greed destroys millions of acres each year. dispose (of) The government must dispose of the waste properly. dump You can dump recyclable garbage in this container. protect Its our responsibility to protect the natural habit of this beautiful planet before its too late. pollute If you pollute in your own backyard, youll eventually notice it. recycle Make sure to recycle all paper and plastics. save We save bottles and newspapers to take to recycle at the end of each month. throw away Never just throw away a plastic bottle. Recycle it! use up Hopefully, well not use up all our resources before we start solving this problem together.